TSMC (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company): Established in 1987, TSMC is the world’s largest and most advanced dedicated semiconductor foundry. Based in Hsinchu, Taiwan, it manufactures chips for leading tech firms including Apple, NVIDIA, AMD, and Qualcomm. TSMC pioneered the pure-play foundry model, allowing fabless companies to outsource production. It leads in process technology, being the first to mass-produce 7nm, 5nm, and 3nm chips using extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography. Its unparalleled manufacturing precision, yield rates, and R&D investment make it indispensable to the global tech industry. Geopolitical concerns highlight its strategic importance. TSMC is expanding capacity in the U.S., Japan, and Europe. With continuous innovation in packaging and transistor design, TSMC remains the backbone of advanced chip production and a key enabler of AI, mobile, and high-performance computing.
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