Ethereum (Ethereum Foundation): While not a company, the Ethereum Foundation supports Ethereum, the leading platform for decentralized applications (dApps) and smart contracts. Launched in 2015 by Vitalik Buterin and others, Ethereum enables developers to build and deploy programmable blockchain applications. Its native cryptocurrency, Ether (ETH), powers transactions and computational services. Ethereum’s shift from Proof-of-Work to Proof-of-Stake (The Merge) significantly reduced energy consumption, enhancing sustainability. It underpins DeFi (Decentralized Finance), NFTs, and DAOs, creating a vibrant ecosystem. Despite scalability challenges, upgrades like EIP-4844 aim to improve throughput. Ethereum’s open-source nature, strong developer community, and first-mover advantage in smart contracts solidify its dominance as the foundational layer for innovation in the decentralized web and digital asset economy.
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