Amazon Rainforest

Amazon Rainforest, the world's largest tropical rainforest, spans nine countries in South America, with 60% in Brazil. This biodiversity hotspot houses 10% of Earth's known species, including 40,000 plant types, 3,000 freshwater fish, and 430 mammals. Its 390 billion trees produce 20% of the planet's oxygen while storing 90-140 billion metric tons of carbon. The Amazon River—Earth's largest by discharge—feeds this ecosystem where new species are discovered every three days. Facing deforestation threats, this "Lungs of the Planet" remains crucial for climate regulation, indigenous cultures, and undiscovered medical potential, with 25% of modern medicines derived from rainforest plants.