The Antikythera Mechanism: Discovered in a Greek shipwreck circa 1900, this 2,000-year-old device is an intricate astronomical calculator with over 30 bronze gears. It predicted eclipses, planetary positions, and lunar phases with remarkable accuracy, demonstrating Hellenistic Greeks possessed mechanical engineering sophistication lost for over a millennium. Its complexity rivals 18th-century clocks, suggesting ancient knowledge of differential gearing and advanced mathematics far beyond what was previously believed possible in antiquity.
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