Syrian Refugee Crisis (2011–present) Since the Syrian Civil War erupted in 2011, over 13 million people—more than half the pre-war population—have been displaced. Roughly 6.8 million are internally displaced; another 5.5 million have fled abroad, primarily to Turkey (hosting over 3.6 million), Lebanon, Jordan, Germany, and beyond. Triggered by government repression, armed conflict, and foreign intervention, this crisis represents the largest refugee exodus since World War II. Families endure perilous journeys, overcrowded camps, and legal limbo. Children miss years of schooling; trauma is widespread. Host countries face strain but also show solidarity. Many Syrians integrate successfully, contributing skills and culture. The crisis highlights failures of global diplomacy but also humanitarian resilience. As war continues and return remains unsafe for most, this migration underscores the urgent need for protection, resettlement, and long-term solutions for those forced to flee—a defining challenge of the 21st century.
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