Wave-Particle Duality: Quantum entities like electrons and photons exhibit both wave-like (interference, diffraction) and particle-like (localized impacts) behavior. The double-slit experiment shows this starkly: single particles create interference patterns over time, implying they pass through both slits. Observing which slit they take collapses the wavefunction, destroying interference. This duality defies classical categorization. Are they waves, particles, or something else? The complementarity principle says both aspects are necessary for a complete picture, but never simultaneously observable. This paradox highlights the role of measurement and the limitations of human intuition in grasping quantum reality, remaining a foundational enigma.
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