Beluga Whale (Delphinapterus leucas): The beluga whale lives in Arctic and sub-Arctic waters, often near pack ice, enduring freezing temperatures year-round. Its thick blubber layer provides insulation and energy storage. Unlike other whales, it lacks a dorsal fin, reducing heat loss and allowing movement under ice. It uses echolocation to navigate and find breathing holes in ice-covered seas. Belugas are highly social, huddling for warmth and cooperative survival. They can adjust blood flow to conserve core heat. Their flexible necks help them scan under ice. Calving occurs in warmer estuaries, but juveniles quickly adapt to cold. The beluga’s cold resistance combines physical, behavioral, and social strategies for thriving in icy marine habitats.
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