Carthage (Tunisia)

Carthage, founded by the Phoenicians in present-day Tunisia, grew into a formidable Mediterranean maritime empire. As Rome's greatest rival, it was famously led by the general Hannibal. Following its brutal destruction in the Punic Wars, the city was rebuilt by the Romans. Its layered ruins, including ports and temples, now stand as a powerful archaeological testament to the rise and fall of two of the ancient world's most dominant civilizations.