Javan Rhino (Rhinoceros sondaicus)

The Javan Rhino (Rhinoceros sondaicus) is among Earth's most critically endangered mammals, with fewer than 80 individuals surviving in Indonesia's Ujung Kulon National Park. This prehistoric-looking species has been hunted to near extinction for its horn and has lost 95% of its habitat to human encroachment. Smaller than other rhinos with distinctive folded skin, the Javan rhino is now more rare than pandas or tigers. Conservationists face immense challenges protecting this solitary browser from poaching, natural disasters, and genetic bottlenecks. As one of Asia's last remaining megafauna, its potential extinction would represent an irreversible loss of biodiversity.