The Katyn Massacre: In 1940, the Soviet NKVD executed approximately 22,000 Polish military officers, intellectuals, and prisoners of war in the Katyn Forest and other sites. When German forces discovered the mass graves in 1943, the USSR blamed Nazi Germany. The Allies, needing Soviet cooperation against Hitler, accepted the Soviet claim despite doubts. The truth remained suppressed until 1990, when the USSR admitted responsibility. The cover-up involved forged documents, silenced witnesses, and decades of denial, damaging Polish-Soviet relations and symbolizing Soviet repression and wartime deception in Eastern Europe.
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