The Gulf of Tonkin Incident: In August 1964, the U.S. claimed two unprovoked attacks by North Vietnamese forces on American destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin, leading to the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution and massive escalation of the Vietnam War. However, declassified documents later revealed the second attack likely never occurred, and the first was ambiguous. Communications intercepts were misinterpreted, and political pressure inflated the event. The Johnson administration used the incident to gain congressional approval for war, suppressing doubts. The cover-up exemplifies how intelligence can be manipulated to justify military intervention, with profound consequences for millions.
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