Tardigrade (Tardigrada phylum): Tardigrades are among the most heat-resistant animals, surviving temperatures up to 150°C in their dormant "tun" state. They achieve this by entering cryptobiosis, where metabolism halts and protective proteins stabilize cellular structures. Their DNA is shielded by unique damage-suppressor proteins. Found in hot springs, deserts, and even volcanic soils, they endure extreme environments by dehydrating and producing trehalose, a sugar that preserves cell integrity. When rehydrated, they revive and resume normal function. This microscopic extremophile can withstand boiling water, radiation, and the vacuum of space. The tardigrade’s resilience highlights life’s potential in extreme conditions and offers insights into astrobiology and stress tolerance.
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