The Printing Press (1440): Invented by Johannes Gutenberg around 1440, the printing press with movable metal type revolutionized information dissemination in Europe. Before its advent, books were hand-copied, rare, and expensive. Gutenberg’s press enabled mass production of texts, dramatically lowering costs and increasing literacy. The Bible, scientific treatises, and political pamphlets spread rapidly, fueling the Renaissance, Reformation, and Scientific Revolution. It broke the monopoly of elites over knowledge, empowering ordinary people to read, question, and innovate. Within decades, millions of books circulated, transforming education, religion, and public discourse. The printing press laid the groundwork for modern journalism, democratic ideals, and standardized languages. Its legacy endures in every printed page and digital article today, standing as a cornerstone of the information age and a catalyst for global intellectual awakening.
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