Electricity (Late 19th Century): While electricity is a natural phenomenon, its harnessing for practical use in the late 19th century—led by pioneers like Thomas Edison, Nikola Tesla, and Michael Faraday—changed the world. Electric lighting replaced gas lamps, extending productive hours and improving safety. Power grids enabled factories to operate more efficiently, spurring industrialization. Household appliances transformed domestic life, reducing labor and increasing comfort. Electricity became the lifeblood of modern infrastructure, powering communication systems, transportation, and eventually computers. Its reliable distribution marked the dawn of the Second Industrial Revolution. Today, nearly every aspect of life depends on electricity—from healthcare to entertainment to global connectivity. Without it, contemporary society would cease to function, making its controlled application one of humanity’s most pivotal achievements.
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