Hubble Space Telescope: Deployed by the Space Shuttle Discovery in 1990, the Hubble Space Telescope transformed astronomy by observing the universe from above Earth’s distorting atmosphere. Despite an initial mirror flaw corrected in 1993, Hubble delivered stunningly sharp images of galaxies, nebulae, and exoplanet atmospheres. It helped determine the universe’s expansion rate, confirmed supermassive black holes in galactic centers, and captured the iconic Hubble Deep Field—revealing thousands of galaxies in a tiny patch of sky. Operating for over three decades, Hubble has produced more than 1.5 million observations and enabled over 20,000 scientific papers. Its success paved the way for successors like the James Webb Space Telescope. Hubble not only advanced science but also captivated the public, making the cosmos visually accessible and inspiring generations of astronomers and enthusiasts alike.
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