James Webb Space Telescope (JWST): Launched on December 25, 2021, the James Webb Space Telescope is the most powerful space observatory ever built. Positioned 1.5 million kilometers from Earth at the L2 Lagrange point, its 6.5-meter gold-coated mirror and infrared instruments peer into the early universe, capturing light from galaxies formed just 300 million years after the Big Bang. JWST analyzes exoplanet atmospheres for potential biosignatures, studies star birth in dusty nebulae, and reveals unprecedented detail in cosmic structures. Its sunshield, tennis-court-sized and five-layered, keeps instruments at cryogenic temperatures. Despite complex deployment risks, JWST has exceeded expectations, revolutionizing astrophysics within months. It represents a generational leap in observational capability and international collaboration between NASA, ESA, and CSA, opening a new era of cosmic discovery.
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