Cairo, Egypt Cairo, home to over 21 million people, is Africa’s largest city and a historic crossroads between continents and civilizations. Nestled along the Nile River, it hosts ancient wonders like the Pyramids of Giza and Islamic architectural treasures in its medieval quarters. As Egypt’s political and cultural capital, Cairo drives media, education, and industry across the Arab world. Rapid population growth strains infrastructure, leading to traffic gridlock and housing shortages. Informal areas house millions, often lacking basic services. Air pollution and waste management are persistent challenges. Yet, the city pulses with energy—street vendors, bustling souks, and vibrant film and music scenes. New urban developments like the New Administrative Capital aim to decongest the core. Despite political turbulence, Cairo remains a beacon of Arab identity and intellectual life, where millennia of history meet the urgency of modern urban survival.
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