Apollo Program (NASA, USA): The Apollo Program, conducted by NASA from 1961 to 1972, was the first to land humans on the Moon. Apollo 11 in 1969 achieved the historic milestone with Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin walking on the lunar surface. Six crewed landings followed, returning 382 kilograms of Moon rocks and invaluable scientific data. The program demonstrated unprecedented technological prowess, advanced computing, and human endurance in space. It inspired generations and solidified U.S. leadership in space during the Cold War. Beyond its political context, Apollo revolutionized planetary science, provided Earth with a new perspective of itself, and remains a symbol of human ambition. Its legacy continues in modern lunar exploration plans, including Artemis, aiming to return humans to the Moon and establish a sustainable presence, building on Apollo’s foundational achievements in spaceflight and exploration.
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