Artemis Program (NASA, USA): NASA’s Artemis Program aims to return humans to the Moon by the mid-2020s, including the first woman and person of color. Building on Apollo, Artemis seeks sustainable lunar exploration using the Space Launch System (SLS), Orion spacecraft, and the Lunar Gateway space station. Artemis I (2022) successfully tested Orion in lunar orbit. Future missions will land astronauts near the lunar south pole, rich in water ice—key for life support and fuel. The program involves international partners and commercial companies, fostering a lunar economy. Technologies developed will support future Mars missions. Artemis emphasizes long-term presence, with habitats and rovers. It inspires global STEM engagement and advances spaceflight capabilities. By establishing a foundation for deep space exploration, Artemis marks a new era of human spaceflight, combining innovation, collaboration, and sustainability to expand humanity’s reach beyond Earth orbit.
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