Voyager Program (NASA, USA): Launched in 1977, the Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft conducted a grand tour of the outer planets—Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune—returning stunning images and critical data about their atmospheres, moons, and rings. Equipped with instruments to study magnetic fields, plasma, and cosmic rays, the Voyagers revealed active volcanoes on Io, icy geysers on Enceladus, and Neptune’s Great Dark Spot. After planetary flybys, both entered interstellar space—Voyager 1 in 2012, Voyager 2 in 2018—becoming the first human-made objects to do so. They carry the Golden Records, time capsules with sounds and images of Earth, intended for any intelligent life that may find them. Still operational over 45 years later, the Voyagers provide real-time data from beyond the heliosphere, offering insights into the boundary between our solar system and interstellar space, making them humanity’s longest and farthest-reaching explorers.
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