Base Editing (2016): Base editing, developed by David Liu, is a refined gene-editing technique that directly converts one DNA base pair into another without cutting the double helix. This allows precise correction of point mutations—responsible for many genetic diseases—like changing a T•A pair to C•G. Compared to CRISPR-Cas9, base editing reduces unintended mutations and is more efficient for certain edits. It has shown success in animal models for diseases such as progeria and sickle cell. The technique expands the scope of treatable genetic conditions and enhances editing safety. Base editors are being optimized for delivery and specificity. This breakthrough brings us closer to correcting genetic errors at their root with minimal off-target effects, offering hope for curative therapies.
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