University of Bologna: Established in 1088 in Bologna Italy the University of Bologna is regarded as the oldest university in continuous operation in Europe and the birthplace of the modern university system. Initially focused on law it quickly gained prominence as a center for legal and scholarly studies attracting students and professors from across Christendom. It pioneered the concept of a corporate guild of students and masters and developed the academic degrees that shaped higher education. Over the centuries Bologna has remained a leader in research and teaching excelling in law medicine and the humanities. Its historic campus and library house priceless manuscripts and its legacy continues to influence academic traditions worldwide making it a cornerstone of Western intellectual history.
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