Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Technology: Solar PV technology converts sunlight directly into electricity using semiconductor materials, primarily silicon. It has become the fastest-growing and most cost-competitive renewable energy source globally, with utility-scale installations and rooftop systems alike. Advances in panel efficiency, manufacturing, and installation have driven down costs by over 80% in the last decade. Solar farms and distributed generation reduce reliance on fossil fuels, lower greenhouse gas emissions, and enhance energy security. When paired with storage, solar provides reliable power day and night. Innovations like bifacial panels and building-integrated PV expand applications. As a clean, abundant, and scalable energy solution, solar PV is central to decarbonizing the power sector and achieving global climate goals.
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