Smart Grids and Energy Management Systems: Smart grids use digital technology, sensors, and communication networks to monitor and optimize electricity generation, distribution, and consumption in real time. They integrate renewable sources, manage demand response, detect outages, and improve grid efficiency and reliability. Advanced metering infrastructure (smart meters) allows consumers to track usage and reduce energy waste. AI-driven energy management systems in homes and industries optimize power use, storage, and pricing. Smart grids enable decentralized energy markets, peer-to-peer trading, and vehicle-to-grid integration. By enhancing flexibility and resilience, they support high renewable penetration and reduce carbon emissions. As cyber-secure and adaptive networks, smart grids are essential for modernizing energy infrastructure and enabling a sustainable, consumer-centric power system.
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