Leonardo da Vinci: Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) was a Renaissance polymath whose scientific inquiries rivaled his artistic genius. Though unpublished in his lifetime, his thousands of notebook pages reveal meticulous studies in anatomy, flight, optics, hydraulics, and engineering. He dissected human corpses to map muscles and organs with unprecedented accuracy, designed flying machines inspired by birds, and conceptualized tanks, parachutes, and automated devices. His approach blended observation, experimentation, and artistic precision, centuries ahead of formal scientific method. While few of his inventions were built, they demonstrated visionary thinking. Leonardo saw nature as the ultimate teacher and believed art and science were inseparable. Today, he symbolizes the ideal of interdisciplinary curiosity, and his anatomical drawings remain scientifically valuable. His legacy endures as a testament to the unity of creativity and inquiry.
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